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Ateliers > 3. Émergence et reproduction de tensions dans la migrationMARDI 17 JUIN 2025 14 h 00 - 15 h 30 Salle Mélusine (MSHS) Atelier 3 : Émergence et reproduction de tensions dans la migration modératrice : Jasmin Lilian Diab
Indésirabilités » en Amérique latine : politiques restrictives d’immigration au Brésil, Colombie et Mexique (1900-1950) Ivan Olaya Pelaez Dès la fin du 19e siècle, l’immigration devient une « question d’État » en Amérique latine. La plupart des pays de la région mettent alors en place des dispositifs institutionnels et adoptent des lois. Ces mesures visent à stimuler l’arrivée d’immigrants « aptes » tout en restreignant celle de personnes jugées menaçantes pour la stabilité socio-économique et politique de la nation. Parmi ces « indésirables » figurent ceux et celles dont l’état de santé (physique ou mentale), l’affiliation politique, religieuse ou ethnique, entre autres, sont perçus comme des facteurs de déstabilisation. --- La reconnaisssance du statut de réfugié de la population vénézuélienne au Brésil sous Bolsonaro : déclencheurs bureaucratiques et environnement politique Miguel Alabarta Much of the literature on migration policy has proclaimed a gap between what incumbents say and what incumbents do in the immigration field. The “gap-hypothesis” expects governments to deliver “tough talk” and “weak action” on the issue of migration. This analysis explores the factors that explain why a far-right government with anti-immigration rhetoric, such as that of Jair Bolsonaro, recognized the refugee status prima facie of more than 45,000 Venezuelans. Previous research on the gap hypothesis has emphasized the needs of labor markets, the importance of organized interests or the existence of an international human rights framework. More specifically, research on Bolsonaro's liberal refugee policy has emphasized the place of the anti-communist ideology of the executive branch and the importance of civil society. However, these perspectives do not show the complexity of the phenomenon and maintain a perspective that confuses the state with the government and separates the administration from the state. Based on the analysis of 27 original interviews with policy-makers and NGOs, trade unions and company representatives, we show that the decision to recognize the Venezuelan population as refugees based on the Cartagena Declaration was a decision of a bureaucratic nature that sought to unload the administrative refugee system, finding in the Bolsonaro government an ideological interlocutor that it had not been able to find with Michel Temer. The paper contributes to the literature on the gap hypothesis and Latin American migration policies by uncovering some of the liberal practices of an illiberal government such as the one of Jair Bolsonaro. Furthermore, this contribution aims to contribute to a broader understanding of the legislative behavior of far-right governments towards immigration. --- The tyranny of the majority: Political remittances and the proliferation of Hindu nationalism through Indian international students on university campus Dipti Nagpaul This paper examines the transfer of Hindutva, an ethnonationalist ideology rooted in India (Jaffrelot, 2021), among Indian international students at the University of Sussex, employing the frameworks of transnationalism and political remittances (Levitt, 2001; Krawatzek & Müller-Funk, 2020). It addresses a significant gap in International Student Mobility (ISM) research, which has largely overlooked the role of political remittances in shaping host environments. Using qualitative methods, including unstructured interviews with 18 participants and Visual Participatory Methods, the study analyses how homeland political tensions are reproduced abroad. Findings from the 2023–24 academic year reveal that Hindu nationalist students perpetuate exclusionary practices targeting Muslim peers and dissenters, creating a climate of fear and ideological conformity. For instance, the celebration of the Ayodhya temple consecration sparked confrontations mirroring communal dynamics from India. Visual data further highlights divergent narratives of national identity, with Muslim participants depicting resistance to oppression and Hindu students emphasising cultural pride. This case study contributes to migration studies by demonstrating the transformative—and often divisive—impact of political remittances within ISM, challenging assumptions that these exchanges are inherently democratising (Levitt, 2001). It argues that international universities, as microcosms of global society, must address the complexities of transnational politics to uphold their commitments to inclusivity. The study was conducted as part of my final assessment for the MA in Migration and Global Development programme at the University of Sussex. By situating the analysis within the broader context of diaspora politics and the global rise of nationalism, the paper provides a crucial lens for understanding the interplay between international student migration, identity and political ideologies. |